Bottom Line: Malaga offers sun-drenched coastal living for €1,195/month in rent, with fresh seafood meals at €15 and cortados for €2.36, but its 68/100 safety score and €211/month groceries reveal a city where affordability masks trade-offs. Expats adore the 180Mbps internet, €50/month transport, and €44 gyms, but the relentless tourism and summer heat (often 30°C+) wear down even the most enthusiastic newcomers. Verdict: A vibrant, budget-friendly paradise—if you can tolerate the crowds and crime.
What Most Expat Guides Get Wrong About Malaga
Most travel blogs claim Malaga is a "hidden gem" of Andalusia, but the truth is, it hasn’t been hidden in over a decade. In 2023 alone, the city welcomed 12 million tourists—nearly 20 times its population—yet expat guides still peddle the myth of an "authentic" Spanish lifestyle. The reality? Malaga is a €15 seafood paella on a beachfront terrace, but it’s also a €2.36 cortado in a café where the barista speaks English better than Spanish. The city’s 88/100 quality-of-life score isn’t wrong, but it’s calculated before you factor in the €1,195/month rent for a decent two-bedroom outside the tourist core, or the €50/month bus pass that won’t save you from the 30°C+ humidity in August.
The biggest oversight? Malaga’s duality. Guides rave about the €44/month gyms and 180Mbps internet, but they don’t warn you that the 68/100 safety rating isn’t just petty theft—it’s pickpocketing in broad daylight on Calle Larios, or the fact that one in five expats reports a break-in within their first year. The €211/month groceries budget looks reasonable until you realize that Mercadona’s prices jumped 12% in 2023, and the "local" produce is often flown in from Morocco. Meanwhile, the €15 menu del día is a steal—if you don’t mind eating at 2 PM, when Spaniards do, or waiting 45 minutes for a table because every tourist in town has the same idea.
Then there’s the cultural whiplash. Expats arrive expecting flamenco and siestas, but Malaga’s 300+ tech startups and 20,000 digital nomads have turned it into a hybrid of Silicon Valley and Costa del Sol. The €2.36 coffee is served by a Venezuelan barista, the €15 paella is cooked by a Romanian chef, and the "traditional" feria is now sponsored by Booking.com. Even the €50/month transport pass is a double-edged sword—it gets you to El Chorro’s hikes in 40 minutes, but it also means you’re sharing the bus with 100 other foreigners all heading to the same Instagram spot.
The real Malaga isn’t just about the numbers—it’s about the trade-offs. The 180Mbps internet lets you work from a beachfront coworking space, but the €1,195 rent means you’re probably sharing a flat with three other expats. The €44 gym is a bargain, but the 30°C heat means you’ll skip half your workouts in July. And while the €15 seafood feast is unbeatable, the 68/100 safety score means you’ll think twice about walking home alone after dark. Most guides sell Malaga as a postcard-perfect paradise; the truth is, it’s a high-stakes gamble—one where the rewards are real, but the frustrations are just as tangible.
Food and Culture in Málaga: The Complete Picture
Málaga is a city where Mediterranean flavors meet expat practicality. With a cost of living score of 88/100 (Numbeo, 2024), it balances affordability with quality of life—but food and cultural integration come with trade-offs. Below is a data-driven breakdown of daily food costs, language barriers, social integration, cultural shocks, and expat sentiment.
1. Daily Food Costs: Market vs. Restaurant vs. Delivery
Málaga’s food scene is 30-50% cheaper than Northern European cities (e.g., Amsterdam, London) but 10-20% more expensive than smaller Andalusian towns (e.g., Granada, Almería). Here’s the cost breakdown:
| Category | Market (Self-Cooked) | Restaurant (Mid-Range) | Delivery (Uber Eats/Glovo) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Breakfast | €1.50–€3.00 (coffee + toast + fruit) | €4.00–€7.00 (café con leche + tostada) | €6.00–€10.00 (brunch delivery) |
| Lunch | €3.50–€6.00 (menú del día ingredients) | €12.00–€20.00 (3-course menú del día) | €15.00–€25.00 (restaurant delivery) |
| Dinner | €4.00–€8.00 (pasta, fish, salad) | €15.00–€30.00 (main + wine) | €18.00–€35.00 (premium delivery) |
| Snacks | €0.50–€2.00 (nuts, fruit, churros) | €3.00–€6.00 (tapas) | €5.00–€12.00 (appetizer delivery) |
| Monthly Groceries | €211 (Numbeo, 2024) | N/A | N/A |
Key Insights:
- Markets (Mercado Central de Atarazanas) offer 40% savings vs. restaurants. A kilo of tomatoes costs €1.80, while a restaurant salad is €8.00.
- Menú del día (€12–€15) is the best value, but only 60% of mid-range restaurants offer it (Tourism Málaga, 2023).
- Delivery markups average 25–40% over dine-in prices. A €10 burger becomes €14–€16 via Glovo.
2. Language Barrier: English Proficiency Reality
Málaga’s expat community is growing (+12% YoY, INE 2023), but Spanish remains dominant.
| Demographic | % English Speakers | Proficiency Level |
|---|---|---|
| Locals (18–35) | 45% | Intermediate (B1) |
| Locals (36–65) | 20% | Basic (A2) |
| Locals (65+) | 5% | Minimal (A1) |
| Service Workers | 30% | Basic (A2) |
| Tourist Zones | 70% | Intermediate (B1-B2) |
Key Insights:
- Only 15% of Malagueños speak fluent English (C1+) (EF EPI, 2023).
- Restaurants in Centro (e.g., Calle Larios) have 80% English-speaking staff, but neighborhood bars (e.g., La Malagueta) drop to 20%.
- Government offices (ayuntamiento, police) have <10% English speakers—expats report 70% of bureaucracy requires Spanish (InterNations, 2024).
3. Social Integration Difficulty Curve
Málaga’s expat integration follows a non-linear curve, with 3 distinct phases:
| Phase | Timeframe | Difficulty (1–10) | Key Challenges |
|---|---|---|---|
| Honeymoon (0–3 months) | 0–3 months | 3/10 | Tourist mindset, language barrier ignored |
| Frustration (3–12 months) | 3–12 months | 7/10 | Bureaucracy, limited social circles, cultural fatigue |
| Adaptation (12+ months) | 12+ months | 4/10 | Spanish improves, local friendships form, but "outsider" feeling persists |
Key Insights:
- 65% of expats report no close Spanish friends after 1 year (Expat Insider, 2023).
- Language schools (e.g., CLIC Málaga) see 50% dropout rates within 6 months.
- Meetup groups (e.g., Málaga Expats, Internations) have 3x more expats than locals in attendance.
4. Five Cultural Shocks for Expats
Málaga’s culture differs sharply from Northern Europe and the U.S. Here are the top 5 shocks, ranked by frequency:
| Cultural Shock | Frequency (Expats
Full Monthly Cost Breakdown for Malaga, Spain
| Expense | EUR/mo | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Rent 1BR center | 1195 | Verified |
| Rent 1BR outside | 860 | |
| Groceries | 211 | |
| Eating out 15x | 225 | €15/meal avg. |
| Transport | 50 | Bus/metro pass |
| Gym | 44 | Basic chain (e.g., McFit) |
| Health insurance | 65 | Private, expat-friendly |
| Coworking | 180 | Hot desk (e.g., La Farola) |
| Utilities+net | 95 | Electricity, water, 300Mbps |
| Entertainment | 150 | Bars, events, weekend trips |
| Comfortable | 2215 | |
| Frugal | 1580 | |
| Couple | 3433 |
1. Net Income Requirements by Tier
Frugal (€1,580/month)
To live on €1,580/month in Malaga, you must:
- Rent a 1BR outside the center (€860).
- Cook at home (€211 groceries) and eat out only 5-6x/month (€75).
- Use public transport (€50) and skip coworking (work from home or cafés).
- Limit entertainment to free/low-cost activities (beaches, hikes, free events).
- Net income requirement: €1,800–€2,000/month. Why? Spain’s progressive tax system means a gross salary of ~€2,300–€2,500 (after ~20–24% deductions) is needed to net €1,800. Below this, you risk dipping into savings or cutting essentials.
Comfortable (€2,215/month)
This tier includes:
- A 1BR in the center (€1,195).
- 15 meals out/month (€225).
- Coworking (€180) and a gym (€44).
- Net income requirement: €2,800–€3,200/month. Gross salary of ~€3,500–€4,000 (after ~22–25% taxes) ensures you’re not stretching. This is the sweet spot for most digital nomads/remote workers who want convenience without luxury.
Couple (€3,433/month)
For two people sharing:
- A 2BR in the center (€1,600–€1,800).
- Groceries (€350) and eating out 20x/month (€450).
- Two transport passes (€100) and entertainment (€300).
- Net income requirement: €4,500–€5,000/month. Gross household income of ~€5,800–€6,500 (after ~22–25% taxes) covers this comfortably. Below €4,000 net, you’ll need to compromise (e.g., smaller apartment, fewer meals out).
2. Malaga vs. Milan: Cost Comparison
A comfortable lifestyle in Milan costs €3,200–€3,800/month vs. €2,215 in Malaga. Key differences:
- Rent: 1BR in Milan’s center averages €1,800–€2,200 (vs. €1,195 in Malaga).
- Eating out: A mid-range meal in Milan costs €25–€35 (vs. €15 in Malaga).
- Transport: Milan’s monthly pass is €75 (vs. €50 in Malaga).
- Utilities: €150–€200 in Milan (vs. €95 in Malaga).
- Health insurance: Similar (~€65 — digital nomads often use SafetyWing as a cost-effective alternative), but Italy’s public system is less expat-friendly.
Savings: €985–€1,585/month by choosing Malaga.
3. Malaga vs. Amsterdam: Cost Comparison
A comfortable lifestyle in Amsterdam costs €3,500–€4,200/month vs. €2,215 in Malaga. Key differences:
- Rent: 1BR in Amsterdam’s center averages €2,000–€2,500 (vs. €1,195 in Malaga).
- Eating out: A mid-range meal in Amsterdam costs €20–€30 (vs. €15 in Malaga).
- Transport: Amsterdam’s monthly pass is €120 (vs. €50 in Malaga).
- Utilities: €180–€250 in Amsterdam (vs. €95 in Malaga).
- Health insurance: Mandatory Dutch insurance costs €130–€150 (vs. €65 in Malaga).
Savings: €1,285–€1,985/month by choosing Malaga.
4. Three Expenses That Surprise Expats Most
1. Rent Deposits and Agency Fees
- Expectation: "I’ll pay first month’s rent + deposit."
- Reality: Many landlords demand 2 months’ deposit + 1 month’s agency fee (
Malaga, Spain: What Expats Actually Report After 6+ Months
Malaga sells itself as a sun-drenched paradise with affordable living, vibrant culture, and a slow-paced lifestyle. But what do expats—those who’ve stuck around long enough to see past the postcard—actually say after six months? The feedback is far more nuanced than the glossy brochures suggest. Here’s the unfiltered breakdown.
The Honeymoon Phase (First 2 Weeks): What Impresses Everyone
In the first fortnight, expats are dazzled. The city delivers on its promises: 300+ days of sunshine a year, beaches within a 15-minute walk from the historic center, and a cost of living 30-40% lower than Barcelona or Madrid. A two-bedroom apartment in El Centro rents for €900-€1,200—half what you’d pay in Lisbon. A caña (small beer) costs €1.50; a menú del día (three-course lunch) runs €10-€12.
The food is another early win. Expats rave about the fresh seafood—boquerones (anchovies) straight from the Mediterranean, espetos (sardines grilled on skewers over an open fire)—and the year-round produce. Markets like Mercado Central de Atarazanas burst with €1 avocados, €2 bottles of local wine, and €3/kg tomatoes that taste like they were picked yesterday. Even the tapas culture—where a drink comes with a free bite—feels like a revelation.
Then there’s the walkability. Malaga’s compact core means you can stroll from the Roman Theatre to Picasso’s birthplace to the Pompidou Museum in under 20 minutes. No metro needed. No Uber surcharges. Just cobblestone streets, palm trees, and the scent of orange blossoms in spring.
The Frustration Phase (Month 1-3): The 4 Biggest Complaints
By month two, the cracks start showing. Expats consistently report four major pain points:
- Bureaucracy Moves at a Snail’s Pace
Opening a bank account — Wise works in 80+ countries with no monthly fees? Expect 3-5 in-person visits and a stack of paperwork (NIE, empadronamiento, proof of income). Registering for healthcare? Queue for 2+ hours at the local health center, then wait 4-6 weeks for your SIP card. Even something as simple as getting a Spanish SIM card (tip: Airalo eSIM works instantly in 200+ countries, no physical SIM needed) can take multiple trips to Vodafone or Movistar, where staff may or may not speak English.
Example: One expat spent six weeks trying to register their car, shuttling between the traffic office (Jefatura de Tráfico) and a gestor (a paid middleman who charges €150-€300 to navigate the system). The kicker? The office only accepts appointments booked online at 8:00 AM sharp, when the website crashes.
- Noise Levels Are Relentless
Malaga is loud. Not just the 2 AM street parties (especially in La Merced or Soho) or the construction that starts at 7:30 AM, but the constant hum of scooters, garbage trucks, and street sweepers. Expats in El Centro report sleeping with earplugs year-round. Even quieter neighborhoods like Pedregalejo have their own soundtrack: dogs barking, neighbors arguing, and the occasional flamenco guitar at midnight.
Example: A couple in Teatinos (a supposedly "family-friendly" area) gave up on their balcony after three months of nightly reggaeton blasting from a nearby bar. Their landlord’s response? "This is Spain."
- Customer Service Is Hit-or-Miss
Spanish businesses operate on mañana time, but expats from the U.S. or Northern Europe aren’t prepared for the lack of urgency. A plumber might take three days to show up—if he shows up at all. A restaurant server may ignore you for 20 minutes while chatting with coworkers. And don’t expect refunds: Stores often refuse returns unless the item is defective.
Example: One expat ordered a sofa online, only to have the delivery cancelled last-minute with no explanation. When they called customer service, the rep said, "Lo siento, pero no hay nada que hacer" ("Sorry, but there’s nothing to be done").
- The Summer Heat Is Brutal
Malaga’s 35°C (95°F) summers aren’t just hot—they’re oppressive. Humidity hovers around 70%, and the lack of air conditioning in older buildings (or the refusal to use it to save money) turns apartments into saunas. Expats report sleepless nights, heat rashes, and a 20% drop in productivity from June to September.
*Example
Hidden Costs Nobody Budgets For: The First-Year Reality in Málaga, Spain
Moving to Málaga isn’t just about rent and groceries. The real expenses hit after you sign the lease. Here’s the unvarnished breakdown of 12 hidden costs—with exact figures—you’ll face in your first year.
- Agency Fee – €1,195 (1 month’s rent). Most landlords use agencies, and they charge a full month’s rent upfront. No negotiation.
- Security Deposit – €2,390 (2 months’ rent). Required by law, refundable only after inspection—and landlords often find "damage."
- Document Translation + Notarization – €350. Your birth certificate, marriage license, and work contract must be officially translated and notarized for residency. Each page costs €30–€50.
- Tax Advisor (First Year) – €800. Spain’s tax system is labyrinthine. A gestor (tax advisor) charges €200–€300 per quarter to handle your declaración de la renta and social security filings.
- International Moving Costs – €2,500–€4,000. A 20ft container from the U.S. or Northern Europe runs €3,000–€5,000. Air freight for essentials? €1,500 for 500kg.
- Return Flights Home (Per Year) – €600–€1,200. Budget airlines like Ryanair offer €50 one-way deals, but last-minute trips or checked bags add up. Assume €300–€600 per person.
- Healthcare Gap (First 30 Days) – €200–€500. Public healthcare kicks in after 90 days of residency. Private insurance (e.g., Sanitas) costs €50–€100/month, but you’ll pay out-of-pocket for emergencies until then.
- Language Course (3 Months) – €450. A1–B1 Spanish at a reputable academy (e.g., CLIC Málaga) costs €150/month. Skipping this? Bureaucracy will cost you more.
- First Apartment Setup – €1,500–€3,000. A furnished place in Málaga’s center (e.g., Soho, La Merced) still lacks basics. Budget:
- IKEA kitchenware: €200
- Bed + mattress: €600
- Air conditioning unit: €500 (essential in summer)
- Internet + router: €150 (installation + first month)
- Bureaucracy Time Lost – €1,200–€2,400. Residency appointments, bank account setup, and utility registrations require 10–15 days off work. At €15–€30/hour (freelance rate), that’s €1,200–€2,400 in lost income.
- Málaga-Specific: Empadronamiento + Residency Fees – €250. Registering at the ayuntamiento (town hall) costs €20. The TIE (residency card) application? €12–€20. But expedited processing (e.g., cita previa bribes) can add €200.
- Málaga-Specific: Summer AC Electricity Surge – €400–€800. Málaga’s July–September heat spikes electricity bills. A 2-bedroom apartment with AC running 12 hours/day costs €150–€250/month—double winter rates.
Total First-Year Setup Budget: €12,135–€17,290
(Excluding rent, groceries, and discretionary spending.)
Plan for these, or they’ll plan your financial stress. Málaga’s charm doesn’t come cheap.
Insider Tips: 10 Things I Wish Someone Told Me Before Moving to Málaga
- Best neighborhood to start (and why)
Skip the tourist-heavy Centro and head straight to Soho or La Merced—both central but with local energy. Soho is artsy, walkable, and packed with indie cafés, while La Merced offers a mix of old-school bodegas and modern flats near Plaza de la Merced. If you want quieter streets with sea views, Pedregalejo or El Limonar are pricier but worth it for families or remote workers.
- First thing to do on arrival
Get a Málaga city registration (empadronamiento) at the Ayuntamiento (City Hall) within your first week. Without it, you can’t access healthcare, sign a long-term lease, or even get a Spanish SIM card. Bring your passport, rental contract (even a short-term one), and proof of address—expect a 20-minute wait but zero bureaucracy if you go early.
- How to find an apartment without getting scammed
Avoid Facebook Marketplace and Idealista’s "too good to be true" listings—scammers target foreigners with fake contracts. Instead, use Fotocasa (filter for "particulares" to skip agents) or join the Alquiler Málaga Telegram group, where locals post verified rentals. Always visit in person (or send a trusted local) and demand a contrato de alquiler with the landlord’s DNI (Spanish ID) before paying a deposit.
- The app/website every local uses (that tourists don’t know)
Wallapop is Málaga’s Craigslist—locals sell everything from secondhand bikes to IKEA furniture for 50% off. For groceries, Too Good To Go lets you buy unsold food from bakeries and supermarkets at sunset for €3–5. And for real-time beach conditions (jellyfish, waves, crowds), check Playas de Málaga—tourists still rely on TripAdvisor.
- Best time of year to move (and worst)
Arrive in September or October—summer crowds are gone, rents drop 20–30%, and the weather is still warm enough for beach days. Avoid July and August: landlords triple prices, locals flee to the mountains, and the terral (a scorching wind) turns the city into a furnace. January is cheap but damp, and February’s Carnaval means street parties and closed shops.
- How to make local friends (not just expats)
Skip the expat pubs and join a peña flamenca (like Peña Juan Breva) or a tertulia (literary debate) at Librería Proteo. Locals bond over pádel—sign up for a beginner’s league at Club de Pádel Málaga or volunteer at La Casa Amarilla (a cultural center). And always accept invitations to tapas crawls—turning them down is seen as rude.
- The one document you must bring from home
A certified criminal background check (Certificado de Antecedentes Penales) from your home country, apostilled and translated into Spanish. Without it, you can’t get a residencia (long-term visa), open a bank account, or even sign a phone contract. Start the process before you move—it can take months.
- Where to NOT eat/shop (tourist traps)
Avoid Calle Larios for dining—overpriced paella and frozen croquetas. Instead, eat at El Pimpi’s less touristy cousin, Bodega El Pimpi on Calle Granada. For groceries, skip Mercadona (fine but generic) and hit Mercado de Salamanca for local cheeses, boquerones (anchovies), and aceite de oliva at half the supermarket price.
- The unwritten social rule that foreigners always break
Never order café con leche after 11 AM—locals see it as a breakfast drink, and baristas will side-eye you. Also, don’t rush meals: Lunch starts at 2 PM, dinner at 9 PM, and walking out of a bar without saying "gracias, hasta luego" to the staff is a cardinal sin. Oh, and always greet with "buenos días" or "buenas tardes"—skipping it
Who Should Move to Malaga (And Who Definitely Should Not)
Malaga is ideal for remote workers, freelancers, and entrepreneurs earning €2,500–€4,500 net/month—enough to live comfortably in the city center (€1,500–€2,000/month) while saving or investing. Digital nomads thrive here thanks to fast internet (avg. 300 Mbps), 20+ coworking spaces (€100–€200/month), and a visa-friendly ecosystem (Digital Nomad Visa processing in ~3 weeks). Early-career professionals (25–40) benefit from a growing job market in tech, tourism, and renewable energy, with salaries for mid-level roles averaging €28,000–€40,000 gross/year. Retirees with €2,000–€3,000/month (pension or passive income) enjoy low property taxes (0.4–1.1% vs. 1.5–2% in France/Germany), affordable healthcare (€50–€100/month for private insurance), and a warm climate that reduces heating costs to near-zero.
Personality fit: Malaga suits social, adaptable, and outdoorsy individuals. The city rewards those who embrace its slow pace, late-night culture (dinner at 9 PM, clubs open until 6 AM), and community-driven events (free flamenco nights, beach cleanups, language exchanges). Families with school-aged children (6–18) should budget €500–€1,200/month for private bilingual schools (public schools are free but Spanish-only). Creative professionals (artists, writers, musicians) find inspiration in Malaga’s low-cost studios (€300–€600/month), artist residencies (€800–€1,500/month with stipends), and year-round festivals (Málaga Film Festival, Feria de Agosto).
Who should avoid Malaga?
- High earners seeking luxury (€6,000+/month net): Malaga lacks the high-end infrastructure of Barcelona or Madrid—no Bentley dealerships, Michelin-starred fine dining is limited (5 vs. 22 in Barcelona), and elite private schools cost €15,000–€25,000/year.
- Corporate expats tied to office jobs: While remote work is booming, in-person corporate roles are scarce—multinationals like Google and Amazon have small teams (50–200 employees vs. 5,000+ in Madrid), and salaries are 20–30% lower than in Northern Europe.
- Introverts or those who dislike heat/noise: Summers hit 35–40°C with no AC in many older buildings, and the city’s lively streets (especially La Merced and Soho) are loud until 3 AM—earplugs are a must. If you crave silence or four seasons, look to Granada or Asturias instead.
Your 6-Month Action Plan (Starting Tomorrow)
#### Day 1: Secure Legal & Financial Foundations (€200–€500)
- Apply for NIE (Número de Identidad de Extranjero) at the Oficina de Extranjería or via a gestor (€10–€50 for processing, €12 for appointment). Cost: €22–€62.
- Open a Spanish bank account (Revolut, N26, or CaixaBank for non-residents). Cost: €0–€20 (some banks charge for debit cards).
- Get a Spanish SIM card (Vodafone, Orange, or Movistar—unlimited data for €15–€30/month). Cost: €15–€30.
- Book a short-term rental (Airbnb, Spotahome, or Idealista—€800–€1,500/month for a 1-bed in the center). Cost: €800–€1,500 (first month’s rent + deposit).
#### Week 1: Establish Local Networks & Logistics (€150–€400)
- Join 3 Facebook groups: Digital Nomads Malaga, Expats in Malaga, Malaga Housing & Jobs. Post an intro and ask for neighborhood recommendations.
- Attend a language exchange (€5–€10 for a drink at La Tertulia or The Shakespeare). Cost: €5–€10.
- Register with a gestor (€50–€150/month) to handle taxes, social security, and residency paperwork. Cost: €50–€150.
- Buy a bike or monthly bus pass (€20–€40/month for EMT Málaga unlimited rides). Cost: €20–€400 (bike: €100–€400).
#### Month 1: Find Long-Term Housing & Healthcare (€1,500–€3,000)
- Sign a 1-year lease (€700–€1,200/month for a 1-bed in Centro, Soho, or La Caleta). Cost: €700–€1,200 (first month + 1–2 months’ deposit).
- Get private health insurance (Sanitas, Adeslas, or DKV—€50–€100/month). Cost: €50–€100.
- Register at the Ayuntamiento (Padron)—required for residency, schools, and healthcare. Cost: €0 (but bring passport, lease, and NIE).
- Set up utilities (electricity: €50–€100/month; water: €20–€40/month; internet: €30–€50/month). Cost: €100–€190 (setup fees + first month).
#### Month 3: Deepen Integration & Career Setup (€300–€800)
- Take Spanish classes (€10–€20/hour at Don Quijote or CLIC). Cost: €120–€400 (20 hours).
- Join a coworking space (La Farola, The Living Room, or Utopic_US—€100–€200
